Citation Guide
Learn how to properly cite different types of sources in various citation styles.
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APA Style
American Psychological Association style, 7th edition
Book
Lastname, F. M. (Year). Book title: Subtitle (Edition). Publisher.
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year of publication). Title of book: Subtitle (Edition if not first) in italics. Publisher.
Journal Article
Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, S. B. (Year). Title of article. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), page range.
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial., & Second Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year). Title of article. Journal Name in italics, Volume(Issue), page range.
Website
Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Day). Title of page. Site Name. URL
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Website Name in italics. URL
MLA Style
Modern Language Association style, 9th edition
Book
Lastname, Firstname. Book Title: Subtitle. Publisher, Year.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. Title of book: Subtitle in italics. Publisher, Year of publication.
Journal Article
Lastname, Firstname. "Title of Article." Journal Name, vol. Number, no. Issue, Year, pp. Page range.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. "Title of Article." Journal Name in italics, volume number, issue number, Year, page range.
Website
Lastname, Firstname. "Title of Page." Site Name, Publisher, Day Month Year, URL.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. "Title of Webpage." Website Name in italics, Publisher (if available), Day Month Year of publication, URL.
Chicago Style
Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition
Book
Lastname, Firstname. Book Title: Subtitle. City: Publisher, Year.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. Title of book: Subtitle in italics. City of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.
Journal Article
Lastname, Firstname. "Title of Article." Journal Name Volume, no. Issue (Year): Page range.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. "Title of Article." Journal Name in italics, Volume number, no. Issue number (Year): page range.
Website
Lastname, Firstname. "Title of Page." Site Name. Last modified Date. URL.
Format:
Author's last name, First name. "Title of Webpage." Website Name in italics. Last modified Month Day, Year. URL.
Harvard Style
Harvard referencing style
Book
Lastname, F.M. (Year) Book Title: Subtitle. Edition. City: Publisher.
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year of publication) Title of book: Subtitle in italics. Edition. City of publication: Publisher.
Journal Article
Lastname, F.M. (Year) "Title of Article", Journal Name, Volume(Issue), pp. Page range.
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year) "Title of article", Journal Name in italics, Volume number(Issue number), page range.
Website
Lastname, F.M. (Year) Title of Page, Site Name, viewed Day Month Year,
Format:
Author's last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Year) Title of webpage, Website Name in italics, viewed Day Month Year, <URL>.
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